POWERED BY THE WIND In the middle of the 17th century the Republic of the Seven Unit ed Netherlands had the biggest merchant fleet and navy in the world The rise of the small nation to the level of a world power was acceler ated by ingenuity innovative technology and the efficient utilization of a renewable source of energy wind Calculations on windmill trans missions by Simon Stevin 1548 1620 who due to his versatile tal ents is frequently referred to as the Netherlands Leonardo da Vinci enhanced the efficiency of the winged machines by a massive 30 percent Cornelis Corneliszoon 1550 1600 provided the wind mills tuned by Stevin with the crankshaft he had patented in 1597 that transformed the rotary motion of the windmill shaft into an oscillating motion of saw blades This technology cut boards thirty times faster and more precisely as well than the human hand Northwest of Am sterdam in those years in Zaandam Europe s first industrial area emerged with hundreds of shipyards and wind powered sawmills According to contemporary sources the Dutch fleet had 16 000 ships or 4 5 of the total European fleet The place where the first industrial area used to be is now home to the Zaanse Schans museum complex with the reconstructed Het Jonge Schaap sawmill Type wind pump Completed in 1908 Sail diameter 35 meters 115 feet Output 151 000 l h 40 000 gallons h of water Type prototype of an offshore wind turbine Completed in 2017 Blade diameter 180 meters 591 feet Output 8 MW of electricity MURPHY WINDMILL SAN FRANCISCO USA THE BIGGEST ONES OF THEIR KIND ADWEN AD 8 180 WIND TURBINE BREMERHAVEN D BY SAIL BLADE DIAMETER 6 7

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