THE PRINCIPLE Micro hybrid describes cars equipped with start stop automatic and which recover braking energy via recuperation through a generator mean ing the battery is constantly recharged The starter generator the electric machine cannot be used for propulsion IN A NUTSHELL Braking and coasting charge the classic battery to relieve the engine of this work This saves fuel Exactly like the automatic stopping and starting of the engine when the vehicle is stationary at tra c lights for example MICRO HYBRID 12 VOLTS THE PRINCIPLE Combined with start stop automatic the electric machine in a mild hybrid supports the conventional engine internal combustion engine ICE by increasing power boost function The braking energy can be partially retrieved in a regenerative brake recuperation and serves to recharge the battery IN A NUTSHELL A second battery and a small electric motor generating about 16 kW support the internal combustion engine MILD HYBRID 42 150 VOLTS THE PRINCIPLE Full hybrid vehicles can be propelled either electrically only using the internal combustion engine or combined IN A NUTSHELL A signi cantly more powerful battery as well as a larger elec tric motor in this concept enable pure electric propulsion with a low range FULL HYBRID 200 400 VOLTS THE PRINCIPLE While the mild and full hybrid solutions recharge the accumu lator via braking energy or the internal combustion engine the accumulator in a plug in hybrid can also be charged externally by plugging into the mains electricity supply For this reason a larger accumulator is used with which signi cantly longer distances can be covered in pure electric mode IN A NUTSHELL Battery accumulator and electric motor are suitable for lon ger distances the system can be charged via the mains plug charging station PLUG IN HYBRID 200 400 VOLTS THE PRINCIPLE Electric vehicles with a range extender have an e cient electro drive and make pure electric driving possible over a comparatively long range Internal combustion engines are used most frequently as range extender which power a generator that in turn supplies the accumulator and electric motor with electricity IN A NUTSHELL The vehicle runs purely on electricity The small internal combustion engine is not connected to the wheels and only helps to charge the accumulators for the large electric motor RANGE EXTENDER 200 400 VOLTS HYBRID CONCEPTS IN COMPARISON 9

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