qubits 16 states with four qubits and so on The number of states grows exponentially with the number of entangled qubits 20 qubits roughly equate to the computing power of a classic note book says Wittmann Systems with 53 qubits such as Sycamore and those offered by IBM as well are ranked in the high performance computing HPC class led by Summit HPC computers are continu ously improving too says Wittmann However the workhorse Summit already has a 520 square me ter 5 600 square feet footprint and a power rat ing of 13 megawatts If its computing power were to be doubled its footprint and power rating would double too To achieve the same performance in crease of a quantum computer it would only be necessary to add a single qubit That however is no mean feat qubits that IBM and Google are talking about are atoms which in complex appara tus have to be cooled down to near absolute zero i e to 15 millikelvin 273 135 C 459 675 F Resolving a conflict However by comparison this is almost the easier part of the task The other one that is the required Quantum computers are complex technical systems They have practically nothing in common with normal PCs and even existing supercomputers also in terms of engineering design Qubit or quantum bit Superposition Entanglement Quantum supremacy The elementary computing unit of a quantum computer which may be an atom a photon or neutron that uses effects of quantum mechanics to represent exactly two states such as 0 and 1 similar to the bits in a conventional computer Qubits can be in the two states of 0 and 1 at the same time which is referred to as superposition They ll choose a state only when being measured Quantum algorithms can use superposition to massively shorten computations Einstein referred to this quantum effect also as spooky action at a distance When two qubits are entangled in superposition any changes of one qubit will immediately impact the other one no matter how far apart they are from each other Quantum algorithms take advantage of this The expression refers to the point in time at which a quantum computer is able to solve a specific complex problem much faster than a conventional supercomputer based on silicon chips A small quantum glossary Quantum computers use the states of 0 and 1 as well as all the others in between 78

Hinweis: Dies ist eine maschinenlesbare No-Flash Ansicht.
Klicken Sie hier um zur Online-Version zu gelangen.